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Abstract: THE STANFORD 'SCORE' PROGRAM FOR MUSICAL INPUT
Leland Smith, Stanford University
The SCORE program has been in use for about ten years now. What
began as a system for generating parameters for a particular piece of
music has evolved into a general purpose musical input language that
has been used at several computer music centers. Since the program
is in FORTRAN it is not machine dependant. SCORE can be adapted to
create note lists for a variety of computer music programs.
With SCORE it is possible to use much of the standard terminology of
music when dealing with pitch and rhythm. However SCORE by no means
limits one just to the tempered scale and conventional rhythms. This
discussion will give an overview of the principal features of SCORE
with emphasis on the program's newer features, such as extended
capability to aid in the simulation of musical phrasing and increased
flexibility in regard to the use of several different procedures in a
single parameter.
Abstract: PRINTING MUSIC BY COMPUTER ...
A 16 millimeter sound film.
Leland Smith, Stanford University
As its name implies, this film explores the process of using a
computer to print music. Starting with a survey of various printing
and publishing methods, including views of a first edition of
Purcell's Te Deum, an unusal lithographic edition of Rossini's Barber
of Seville, and descriptions of techniques used in the past five
centuries, the film traces the development of music publishing into
the twentieth century. With the advent of computers, the feasibility
of producing excellent musical notation using precise mathematical
data becomes apparent.
Computer programs developed at the Center for Computer Research in
Music and Acoustics at Stanford University are used in the printing
of music: single instrument or full score, voice and unusual
notation, all are possible with these programs. They were designed
with the composer in mind, including easy input based on the letter
names of notes and numerical values commonly used for rhythms. The
page lay-out program automatically sets the measures and lines onto
the page with the best note density, with the possibility of changing
the number of lines per page or the number of measures per line
without new input, giving great flexibility to the user. The film
also explores various types of output available, including plotters
and electrostatic processes.
PRINTING MUSIC BY COMPUTER will also interest both the historian and
the contemporary computer user in its descriptions, examples, and
explanation of this exciting new process.